總結(jié)是對(duì)某一特定時(shí)間段內(nèi)的學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活等表現(xiàn)情況加以回顧和分析的一種書面材料，它能夠使頭腦更加清醒，目標(biāo)更加明確，讓我們一起來學(xué)習(xí)寫總結(jié)吧。大家想知道怎么樣才能寫一篇比較優(yōu)質(zhì)的總結(jié)嗎？以下我給大家整理了一些優(yōu)質(zhì)的總結(jié)范文，希望對(duì)大家能夠有所幫助。
初中語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句詳解總結(jié)篇一
定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞）引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞位于定語(yǔ)從句句首。下面小編為大家?guī)沓踔姓Z(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句詳解，僅供參考，希望能夠幫到大家。
在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的有關(guān)系代詞who,whom, whose,which,that等和關(guān)系副詞where,when,why等，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成份。
1、由who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，who用作主語(yǔ)，如： this is the boy who often helps me.
2、由whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，whom用作賓語(yǔ)，如：the man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
3、由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，whose用作定語(yǔ)，如： do you know the girl whose skirt is white?
4、由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，which用作主語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，如：
the room in which there is a machine is a work shop.
the river which is in front of my house is very clean.
this is the pen which you want.
（1）whom, which用作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí) ， 介詞可放在 whom、which之前 ， 也可放在從句原來的位置上;但在含有介詞的動(dòng)詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來的位置上。如： he is the very person whom we must take good care of.
（2）引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，必須用關(guān)系代詞which，不用that,如：i have lost
my bag, which i like very much.
（3）關(guān)系代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致。
5、由that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，that可以指人或物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語(yǔ)，如：
the book that i bought yesterday was written by lu xun.
注意在下面幾種情況下必須用 that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
（1）先行詞是不定代詞all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等 ， 如 ：
all that we have to do is to practise english.
（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，如
the first letter that i got from him will be kept.
（3）先行詞被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修飾 ， 如
i've eaten up all the food that you gave me.
（4）先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)如
he is the only person that i want to talk with.
（5）先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，如:
they talked about persons and things that they met.
（6）當(dāng)句中已有who時(shí) ， 為避免重復(fù) ， 如 ： who is the man that is giving us the class?
6.由when, where, why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，如:
i don't know the reason why he was late.
this is the place where we have lived for 5 years.
i'll never forget the day when i met mr li for the first time.
注意：先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是及物的'，就用 that（which），如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物的，就用where引導(dǎo)。this is the house which /that he has lived in for 15 years.（where he has lived for 15 year.）
7、限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
（1）限制性定語(yǔ)從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)分開。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，這些關(guān)系代詞都不能省略。
（2）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明 ， 沒有這種從句 ， 不影響主句意思的完整 ， 一般用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開 ， 關(guān)系代詞用 which,不用that;指人時(shí)可用who,如 ： i have two brothers, who are both students.
8、如何簡(jiǎn)化定語(yǔ)從句
（1）、定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。如:
my grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.
→my grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在離這兒很遠(yuǎn)的一個(gè)村子。
this is a book that is worth reading.
→this is a book worth reading. 這是一本值得看的書。
（2） 定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為現(xiàn)在分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作前置或后置定語(yǔ)。
the man who is standing under the tree is our english teacher.
→the man standing under the tree is our english teacher.
站在樹下面的那個(gè)人是我們的英語(yǔ)老師。
i saw the house that was burning at that time.→i saw the burning house at that time.
當(dāng)時(shí)我看到那房子在燃燒。
（3）定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。
i like to see the films which are directed by zhang yimou.→i like to see the films directed by zhang yimou. 我喜歡看張藝謀導(dǎo)演的電影。
she is the girl who was praised at the school meeting.→she is the girl praised at the school meeting. 她就是在校會(huì)上受表彰的那個(gè)女孩。
（4）定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。
he is always the first person that comes to school.→he is always the first person to come to school.他總是第一個(gè)到校。
the report which will be given tomorrow is important to us.→the report to be given tomorrow is important to us.明天要作的報(bào)告對(duì)我們很重要。
（5）定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為what 從句。
i couldn't remember the words that he said.→i couldn't remember what he said.
我記不得他說的話。
例 1 the second book ______i want to read is business @ the speed of thought.
a. which b. what c. that d. as
解析 先行詞 book被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)要用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故選c。
例 2 i'll never forget the days _____i stayed with you.
a. when b. in which c. that d. for which
解析 本題指時(shí)間，故選 a。
例 3 the book______ is sold out at the moment.
a. you need b. what you need
c. which you need it d. that you need it
解析 b、c、d中的what和it與先行the book相抵觸，故選a。
例 4 is this the place ______lincoln once lived.
a. that b. which c. where d. when
解析 本題指地點(diǎn)，故選 c。
例 5 i'm one of the boys _________ never late for school.
a. that is b. who are c. who am d. who is
解析 本題中 who用作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與先行詞the boys保持一致，故選b。
【選講例題】
例 6 her sister,______ you met at my home, was a teacher of english.
a. whom b. that c. which d. who is
解析 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中 ， 關(guān)系代詞用 which,不用that,但指人時(shí)用who或whom.故選a。
例 7 these book are for students _____ mother language is not english.
a. of whom b. that c. which d. whose
解析 whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,whose用作定語(yǔ)，故選d。
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