范文為教學(xué)中作為模范的文章,也常常用來(lái)指寫作的模板。常常用于文秘寫作的參考,也可以作為演講材料編寫前的參考。范文怎么寫才能發(fā)揮它最大的作用呢?下面是小編幫大家整理的優(yōu)質(zhì)范文,僅供參考,大家一起來(lái)看看吧。
系動(dòng)詞使用規(guī)則篇一
常見(jiàn)的“變成”類系動(dòng)詞有become, get, come, go, grow, fall, turn, run等,都表示從一種狀態(tài)到另一種狀態(tài)。盡管意思都差不多,但搭配有差別,若不注意,運(yùn)用時(shí)會(huì)出錯(cuò)。我們要注意以下幾個(gè)方面。
1. 形容詞作表語(yǔ)。
go和come是一對(duì)相反的詞。''go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情,而''come+adj.''表示好的事情。如:
in hot weather, meat goes bad. things will come righ in the end.
go與come前面的主語(yǔ)一般是物。如: 誤:she goes famous. 正:she becomes(gets) famous.
表語(yǔ)為mad,crazy(古怪的),blind, lame或表示顏色的詞,go前面的主語(yǔ)可以是人。如:
he went mad. hearing this, she went red.
run后面接short,dry, low, deep等詞,主語(yǔ)多為能流動(dòng),能消耗掉的東西。如:
their money was running short. still waters run deep.
但wild作表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)可以是人,如: don't let the children run wild.
grow與run相對(duì),接表示人或物特征的靜態(tài)形容詞,也接表示天氣的形容詞,側(cè)重于“逐漸變成”。如:the girl grew thinner and thinner. soon the sky grew light.
turn多接表示顏色的形容詞,也接表示天氣的形容詞,它側(cè)重變得與以前完全不同。如:
the man turned blue with fear. the weather suddenly turned much colder.
fall接asleep, silent等靜態(tài)形容詞和表示疾病的形容詞,但不能接形容詞比較級(jí)。如: she fell ill froom cold.
(誤)she fell from cold. (正)she got worse.
fall short(沒(méi)中),fall apart(散開(kāi)),fall flat(沒(méi)效果),可作成語(yǔ)記住。
''get+adj.''是口語(yǔ),用得廣泛,get能替代become, become較正式,get與become前面的主語(yǔ)既可以是人又可以是物。如: he became(got) angry. his coat has become(got) badly torn.
get較多地與形容詞比較級(jí)連用。如: the days are getting longer and longer.
注意:become一般不用于“將來(lái)成為”的意思。如(誤)i hope you will become well.(正)i hope you will get well.
2. become, turn, get, go, fall能用名詞作表語(yǔ),其它的則不能。如:
his dream has become(got) a reality. he has turned scientist. he has gone socialist.
he fell(a) victim to cancer.
注意:go, turn后面的名詞通常不帶冠詞。
3. become, get, grow能接過(guò)去分詞,并且come和go多接有否定前綴的過(guò)去分詞?!癵et+過(guò)去分詞”表示一次行為:“become+過(guò)去分詞”表示事情發(fā)生的最后結(jié)果。如:
the string comes untied. his report went unnoticed. the fence gets white——washed every year.
she became engaged as a typist.
4. get, go, come能接現(xiàn)在分詞,不過(guò)它們已失去“成為”的意思。如:
they went in and got chatting together.(開(kāi)始) we often go swimming.(去) he came running in(來(lái))
5. come, grow, get能接不定式,這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示變化過(guò)程,come表示“最終變得”get表示“由不……變得”,grow表示“漸漸變得”如:
i've really come to love this place. mary's growing to be more and more like her mother. you'll soon get to like it.
這種結(jié)構(gòu)不能用于帶有一段時(shí)間的完成時(shí)態(tài)。如:
(誤)they have got to know each other for years. (正)they have known each other for years.
6. 它們都可以接介詞短語(yǔ),固定搭配需要一個(gè)一個(gè)地記。如:
they ran out of money. the problem will come under discussion. they fell behind the others.
what has become of the girl. it's getting near tea-time.
我們今后在閱讀時(shí),要留心這些系動(dòng)詞的搭配,見(jiàn)得多,善于運(yùn)用,自然也就記得牢了。
become,get,go,grow,run,turn都可以表示狀態(tài)的變化,但要注意下面的幾點(diǎn):
1.指人的情緒或身體狀態(tài)的變化,多用become與get,兩者可以互換。
1)hearing what he said,the teacher got/became angry. 聽(tīng)到他所說(shuō)的話,老師生氣了。
2)i hope you will get well soon. 我希望你不久能痊愈。
,get也用于天氣、社會(huì)的發(fā)展變化,兩者可以互換。
1)our country is getting/becoming stronger and stronger. 我們的國(guó)家日益強(qiáng)大。
2)it's becoming/getting colder and colder. 天變得越來(lái)越冷。