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同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的常見(jiàn)方法有篇一

所謂同義句轉(zhuǎn)換就是將一個(gè)句子用另一種形式表達(dá)出來(lái),而且意思不變。下面小編整理了同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的常見(jiàn)方法，希望對(duì)你有所幫助!

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換就是把一個(gè)句子用另外一種結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)出來(lái)，當(dāng)然要保證句意不能改變。

同義詞，是指詞匯意義相同或相近的詞語(yǔ)，如:美好和美妙、懶惰和怠惰、“枯萎”和“干枯”、“寬敞”和“寬闊”。與“該詞”意思相近的詞為同義詞。

(1)從詞語(yǔ)的搭配上：如“交流”和“交換”，“交流”多偏重于虛的事物，“交換”多偏重于實(shí)的東西

(2)從語(yǔ)法功能上辨析：“公然”、“公開(kāi)”公然;只能當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)?！肮_(kāi)”可以充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題是近幾年中考英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)?？碱}型,其出題形式通常是同時(shí)給出兩個(gè)句子,第一句完整,第二句中設(shè)有幾處空格,要求考生填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或詞組,使第二句的意思與第一句意思相同。它綜合考查考生的語(yǔ)法、詞匯、短語(yǔ)或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)和句型結(jié)構(gòu)等知識(shí),要求運(yùn)用所學(xué)的詞匯、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和句型結(jié)構(gòu)填寫(xiě)句子,使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、邏輯合理、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)無(wú)誤、意思與所給句子相同。通過(guò)對(duì)近幾年的中考英語(yǔ)試題中同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題的分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)中考英語(yǔ)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題主要考查以下幾個(gè)方面:

一、運(yùn)用同義詞(組)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換

用同義詞或同義詞組對(duì)原句中的某些詞或詞組進(jìn)行替換,注意轉(zhuǎn)換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應(yīng)。如:

1. that day we could see flowers here and there.

that day we could see flowers __________.

分析:答案為everywhere。everywhere與here and there都表示“到處”。

2. the teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.

the teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.

分析:答案為looks after。take good care of與look after…well都表示“好好照顧”。

二、運(yùn)用反義詞(組)的否定式進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換

即用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達(dá)與原句相同的意思,主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)反義詞(詞組)的積累和換位思維的能力。如:

1. it’s clear that this visit is different from last time.

it’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.

分析:答案為same as。be different from意為“與……不同”;the same as意為“與……相同”,其否定式與be different from同義。

2. i think wealth is less important than health.

i ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.

分析:答案為don’t,more。less important的意思是“沒(méi)有(不及)……重要”;more important的'意思是“(比)……更重要”,該結(jié)構(gòu)與not連用,則表示“不比……更重要”。

另外,有的反義詞即使不與否定詞連用,而只需改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)也可構(gòu)成同義句。如:

he lent some money to his friend.

he friend ___ some money ___ him.

分析:答案為borrowed,from。borrow…from意為“向……借……”;lend…to意為“把……借給……”。兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)意思相反,但若變換“借出者”與“借入者”的位置,則可轉(zhuǎn)換為同義句。

三、運(yùn)用不同語(yǔ)態(tài)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換

即運(yùn)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)換同義詞,但此時(shí)要特別注意時(shí)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞一致性。如:

1. everyone should give back his library books on time.

library books should____ ____ ____ on time.

分析:答案為be given back。被動(dòng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should,因此助動(dòng)詞用be。

2. it is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.

computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.

分析:答案為are,used。computers是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,助動(dòng)詞用are。

四、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換

即非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換,此時(shí)往往會(huì)涉及時(shí)態(tài)的變化。如:

1. the manager left two hours ago.

the manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.

分析:答案為has been away。leave為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,不能與for two hours這樣的一段時(shí)間連用,而改成be away這樣的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞后,則可連用一段時(shí)間。

2. the film began five minutes ago.

the film has been _____ _____ five minutes.

分析:答案為on for。has been提示時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),“for+時(shí)間段”表示“持續(xù)(一段時(shí)間)”,常用在含有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子里。

3. mr li joined the party twenty years ago.

mr li _____ _____ _____ the party for twenty years.

答案:has been in。短暫動(dòng)詞join,意為“參加、加入(組織,政黨)”,不能與延續(xù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí),將join改成be in或be a member in…。

五、運(yùn)用不同引語(yǔ)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換

即將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)或?qū)㈤g接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成直接引語(yǔ)。此時(shí)還要注意相關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、動(dòng)詞、狀語(yǔ)等相應(yīng)的變化。如:

1. “i’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.

he _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.

分析:答案為told,had found。此題是將直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)。

2. “did you see her last week?” he said.

he _______ _______ i had seen her the week _______.

分析:答案為asked if/ whether, before。此題是將疑問(wèn)句的直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)。

六、運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

即將簡(jiǎn)單句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的簡(jiǎn)單句。如:

1. we didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.

we didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.

分析:答案為because of。將原因狀語(yǔ)從句because it was raining改為表示原因的介詞短語(yǔ)because of the rain。

2. he was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.

he was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.

分析:答案為too excited to。將so…that…換成too…to…結(jié)構(gòu),原句的that從句為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,改寫(xiě)句中的不定式仍表結(jié)果。

3. now i will show you how to do the work.

now i will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.

分析:答案為how you can。即將原句中的“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語(yǔ)從句。

4. you should put them back after you use them.

you should put them back _____ _____ them.

分析:答案為after using。即將after引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)為after引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)。

七、運(yùn)用并列句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

即將并列句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的并列句。如:

1. come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.

____ we ____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.

分析:答案為if,don’t。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

2. the man gave us a talk last week. now he will give us another talk this week.

the man _____ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.

分析:答案為who/ that,will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞the man。

八、運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞連接或合并句子

即運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞both…and…,neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…等將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。此時(shí)要注意的是,both…and…連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)總是用復(fù)數(shù),而neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常應(yīng)與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如:

1. tom can’t speak japanese well and jim can’t, either.

______ tom ______ jim can speak japanese well.

分析:答案填neither,nor。neither…nor…表示“……和……(兩者)都不”,剛好與原句的兩個(gè)否定結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相吻合。

2. alice has read the book and peter has read it, too.

______ alice ______ peter have read the book.

分析:答案為both,and。both…and…的意思是“……和……(兩者)都”。

3. this store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.

this store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes.

分析:答案為not only,but also。表示“不僅……而且……”之意。

九、利用某些典型句式或結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換

這類(lèi)典型結(jié)構(gòu)如so…that…,too…to…,enough to,not…until…,so do i等。如:

1. jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.

jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.

分析:答案為so do。句意為“……他的父母也一樣(一樣想去)”。

2. john went to bed after he finished his homework.

john ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework.

分析:答案為didn’t,until。not…until意為“直到……才”。

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