無(wú)論是身處學(xué)校還是步入社會(huì),大家都嘗試過(guò)寫作吧,借助寫作也可以提高我們的語(yǔ)言組織能力。范文怎么寫才能發(fā)揮它最大的作用呢?這里我整理了一些優(yōu)秀的范文,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助,下面我們就來(lái)了解一下吧。
書信英文格式篇一
信文由稱謂、正文、敬語(yǔ)、落款及時(shí)間四部分組成。
應(yīng)在第一行頂格寫,后加冒號(hào),以示尊敬。稱謂應(yīng)尊循長(zhǎng)幼有序、禮貌待人的原則,選擇得體的稱呼。
正文是信函的主體。可根據(jù)對(duì)象和所述內(nèi)容的不同,靈活地采用不同的文筆和風(fēng)格。
1、問候語(yǔ)。問候語(yǔ)要單成行,以示禮貌。有“你好”、“近好”、“節(jié)日好”等。
2、先詢問對(duì)方近況和談與對(duì)方有關(guān)的情況,以表示對(duì)對(duì)方的重視和關(guān)切。
3、回答對(duì)方的問題或談自己的事情和打算。
4、簡(jiǎn)短地寫出自己的希望、意愿或再聯(lián)系之事。
寫信人在書信結(jié)束時(shí)身對(duì)方表達(dá)祝愿、勉慰之情的短語(yǔ)。多用“此致、即頌、順祝”等詞緊接正文末尾。下一行項(xiàng)格處,用“敬禮、x安、安康”等詞與前面呼應(yīng)。
落款及時(shí)間:在信文的.最后,寫上寫信人的姓名和寫信日期。署名應(yīng)寫在敬語(yǔ)后另起一行靠右位置。一般寫給領(lǐng)導(dǎo)或不太熟悉的人,要署上全名以示莊重、嚴(yán)肅;如果寫給親朋好友,可只寫名而不寫姓;署名后面可酌情加啟稟詞,對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩用“奉、拜上”,對(duì)同輩用“謹(jǐn)啟、上”,對(duì)晚輩用“字、白、諭”等詞。
信封上應(yīng)依次寫上收信人的郵編碼、地址、姓名及寄信人的地址、姓名和郵編碼。
郵編碼要填寫在信封左上方的方格內(nèi),收信人的地址要寫得詳細(xì)無(wú)誤,字跡工整清晰。發(fā)給機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體或單位的信,要先寫地址,再寫單位名稱。收信人的姓名應(yīng)寫在信封的中間,字體要略大一些。在姓名后空二、三字處寫上“同志、先生、女士”等稱呼,后加“收、啟、鑒”等字
寄信人地址、姓名要寫在信封下方靠右的地方,并盡量寫得詳細(xì)周全一些。最后填寫好寄信人的郵編碼。
(1)給長(zhǎng)輩的信。若是近親,就只寫稱謂,不寫名字,如“爸”、“媽”、“哥”、“嫂”等;親戚關(guān)系的,就寫關(guān)系的稱謂,如“姨媽”、“姑媽”等。對(duì)非近親的長(zhǎng)輩,可在稱謂前加名或姓,如“趙阿姨”、“黃叔叔”等。
(2)給平輩的信。夫妻或戀愛關(guān)系,可直接用對(duì)方名字,愛稱加修飾語(yǔ)或直接用修飾語(yǔ),如“麗”、“敏華”、“親愛的”等;同學(xué)、同鄉(xiāng)、同事、朋友的信,可直接用名字、昵稱或加上“同學(xué)”、“同志”,如“瑞生”、“老紀(jì)”、“小鄒”、“三毛”等。
(3)給晚輩的信。一般直接寫名字,如“樂毅”、“君平”、“阿明”等;也可在名字后加上輩分稱謂,如“李花侄女”等;亦可直接用稱謂作稱呼,如“孫女”、“兒子”等。
(4)給師長(zhǎng)的信,通常只寫其性或其名,再加“老師”二字,如“段老師”、“周師傅”、“宏海老師”等。對(duì)于十分熟悉的師長(zhǎng),也可單稱“老師”、“師傅”。假如連名帶姓,在信首直稱“孫松平老師”、“王達(dá)夫師傅”,就顯得不大自然且欠恭敬。對(duì)于學(xué)有專長(zhǎng)、德高望重的師長(zhǎng),往往在姓后加一“老”字,以示尊重,如“戴老”、“周老”,亦可在姓名后加“先生”二字。為鄭重起見,也有以職務(wù)相稱的,如“董教授”、“陳大夫”、“佟工程師”等。
(5)給一個(gè)單位或幾個(gè)人的信,又不指定姓名的,可寫“同志們”、“諸位先生”、“xx等同志”等。給機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體的信,可直接寫機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體名稱。如“xx委員會(huì)”、“xx公司”。致機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的信,可直接用姓名,加上“同志”、“先生”或職務(wù)作稱呼,亦可直接在機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體稱呼之后加上“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)同志”、“負(fù)責(zé)同志”、“總經(jīng)理”、“廠長(zhǎng)”等。
如果信是同時(shí)寫給兩個(gè)人的,兩個(gè)稱呼應(yīng)上下并排在一起,也可一前一后,尊長(zhǎng)者在前。
上述五種場(chǎng)合,有時(shí)還可按特殊對(duì)象,視情況加上“尊敬的”、“敬愛的”、“親愛的”等形容詞,以表示敬重或親密之情。當(dāng)然,這要用得適宜,如對(duì)好友稱“尊敬的”,反而顯得見外,對(duì)無(wú)特殊關(guān)系的年輕女性貿(mào)然稱呼“親愛的”,那就有失檢點(diǎn)了。
正文通常以問候語(yǔ)開頭。問候是一種文明禮貌行為,也是對(duì)收信人的一種禮節(jié),體現(xiàn)寫信人對(duì)收信人的關(guān)心。問候語(yǔ)最常見的是“您好!”“近好!”依時(shí)令節(jié)氣不同,也常有所變化,如“新年好!”“春節(jié)愉快!”問候語(yǔ)寫在稱呼下一行,前面空兩格,常自成一段。
問候語(yǔ)之后,常有幾句啟始語(yǔ)。如“久未見面,別來(lái)無(wú)恙?!薄敖鼇?lái)一切可好?”“久未通信,甚念!”之類。問候語(yǔ)要注意簡(jiǎn)潔、得體。
接下來(lái)便是正文的主要部分主體文,即寫信人要說(shuō)的話。它可以是稟啟、復(fù)答、勸諭、抒懷、辭謝、致賀、請(qǐng)托、慰唁,也可以是敘情說(shuō)理、辯駁論證等。這一部分,動(dòng)筆之前,就應(yīng)該成竹在胸,明白寫信的主旨,做到有條有理、層次分明。若是信中同時(shí)要談幾件事,更要注意主次分明,有頭有尾,詳略得當(dāng),最好是一件事一段落,不要混為一談。
正文寫完后,都要寫上表示敬意、祝愿或勉勵(lì)的話,作為書信的結(jié)尾。習(xí)慣上,它被稱做祝頌語(yǔ)或致敬語(yǔ),這是對(duì)收信人的一種禮貌。祝愿的話可因人、因具體情況選用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,不要亂用。(可參見下節(jié)《常用書信用語(yǔ)》的“祝頌語(yǔ)”。)
結(jié)尾的習(xí)慣寫法有兩種:
(1)在正文寫完之后,緊接著寫“此致”,轉(zhuǎn)一行頂格或空兩格寫“敬禮”。
(2)不寫“此致”,只是另起一行空兩格寫“敬禮”、“安好”、“健康”、“平安”等詞,一定要另起一行空兩格,不得尾綴在正文之后。也可以在正文結(jié)尾下另起一行寫“祝你”、“敬祝”,再空兩格寫上“安好”、“健康”等。
在書信最后一行,署上寫信人的姓名。署名應(yīng)寫在正文結(jié)尾后的右方空半行的地方。如果是寫給的親屬、朋友,可加上自己的稱呼,如兒、弟、兄、侄等,后邊寫名字,不必寫姓。如果是寫給組織的信,一定要把姓與名全部寫上。而在署名之后,有時(shí)還視情加上“恭呈”、“謹(jǐn)上”等,以示尊敬。上述自稱,都要和信首的稱謂相互吻合。
日期一項(xiàng),用以注明寫完信的時(shí)間,寫在署名之后或下邊。有時(shí)寫信人還加上自己的所在的地點(diǎn),尤其是在旅途中寫的信,更應(yīng)如此。
書信英文格式篇二
20 june 20xx
dear sir,
i noticed an ad. in the paper today you said you were looking for people to join your expedition team. it sounded as if it might be fun so im writing to say id like to come along.
about myself: i left school at 16 because i wanted to earn a bit of money. after that i got a few part-time jobs as a waiter, etc. but i didnt stick to any of them for long. recently ive been doing a bit of hitch-hiking round europe so ive had some experience of traveling the hard way which should come in handy on the expedition youre planning. by the way, im a great guitarist so i can keep you all amused round the campfire at night.
let me know when i can call in for a chat about dates and other details, etc.
yours,
david smith
書信英文格式篇三
英語(yǔ)書信結(jié)構(gòu)一般有以下幾個(gè)部分組成:
1)信封(envelope)。英語(yǔ)的信封和中文的一樣,有三部分組成,即發(fā)信人地址、收信人地址和郵票。只不過(guò)英語(yǔ)信封的格式除了郵票所貼的位置 (信封的右上角)和中文的一樣外,英語(yǔ)信封上要寫的發(fā)信人和收信人的地址和中文的大不一樣。發(fā)信人的地址應(yīng)寫在信封的左上角,收信人的地址應(yīng)寫在信封偏中、右偏下處,如下:
liu yan-hua
room 302, no. 48, yanan road (m) stamp
shanghai, 20040
p. r. china
prof. john hill
607 north willington avenue
west palm beach, florida 33404
u. s. a.
2)信頭 (heading),即寫發(fā)信人的地址和日期(右上角)。信頭位于信的最上方,原則上首先按從小到大的順序(正好與中文書信相反),門牌號(hào)碼和街名或單位 名占一行(太長(zhǎng)可占兩行),城鎮(zhèn)名和郵編碼占一行,國(guó)名占一行。然后是發(fā)信日期,它是信頭的最后一行,可以寫成日月年(英式)也可寫成月日年(美式), 如:may8,1996或8may,1996. 必然說(shuō)明的是,月份要寫英文名稱,否則有可能產(chǎn)生歧義,如5/8/1996,美國(guó)人會(huì)理解為1996年5月8日,而英國(guó)人則理解為1996年8月5日。
3)信內(nèi)姓名地址 (inside address),即寫收信人的姓名和地址(左上角)。封內(nèi)地址必須和信封地址一致,否則就是出了差錯(cuò),收信人此時(shí)可將信退回或按封內(nèi)地址轉(zhuǎn)寄。封內(nèi)地址的第一行是收信人姓名,第二行職務(wù),從第三行開始寫收信人地址,寫出法原則上和寫發(fā)信人地址一樣。
4)稱呼 (salutation),即寫對(duì)收信人的尊稱(一般用dear mr. … ,; dear madam helen,; dear miss …,; dear john,; dear professor smith,等)。稱呼應(yīng)與親近程度相吻合。最為正式的也是最不親近的稱呼為dear sir(英國(guó)用)或dear genteman(美國(guó)用),一般用于給府機(jī)關(guān)、官員的公函中,或用于首次往來(lái)的商業(yè)書信中。比較熟識(shí)的人由應(yīng)稱他的姓,最隨便也是最親近的稱呼是直呼其名,一般用于親 朋好友,但應(yīng)注意,稱姓時(shí)只稱姓,不要又稱名,而稱名時(shí) 不要加dr或mr. 如某人全名為william.另外,如果對(duì)方為女性卻不知應(yīng)稱mrs.還是miss時(shí)可稱ms.。稱呼后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)英國(guó)人習(xí)慣用逗號(hào),而美國(guó)人習(xí)慣用冒號(hào)(親朋好友之間可用逗號(hào))。稱呼直接寫在收信人地址的正下方,中間空一至二行。稱呼后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)一般 只能用逗號(hào)。 以上信頭、信內(nèi)姓名和地址三部分的結(jié)構(gòu)如下:
liu yan-hua
room 302, no 48, yanan road (m)
shanghai 200040
p. r. china
june 22, 2002
prof. john hill 607
north willington avenue
west palm beach, florida 33404
u. s. a.
dear professor hill,
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
注:如果是相當(dāng)熟悉和隨便的朋友之間,因?yàn)楸舜硕贾缹?duì)方的地址,故信頭和信內(nèi)的地址常常省略。
5)正文 (body),即信件內(nèi)的主要內(nèi)容,是信的主體,和中文書信的要求一樣,正文的內(nèi)容要主題突了出、層次清楚、語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔、表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確。如果正文很長(zhǎng)需要幾張信 紙聯(lián)頁(yè)時(shí),則應(yīng)在每張聯(lián)頁(yè)左上端都注明頁(yè)數(shù)和收信人名稱,如:。正文第一句句子一般和稱呼之間空一至二行。
6)信尾客套語(yǔ) (complimentary close),即寫信人在信的右(或左)下角,寫上表示自己對(duì)收信人一種禮貌客氣的謙稱,相當(dāng)于文中書信最后的“祝好”、“致禮”之類的話語(yǔ)。如:best wishes。
7)信尾簽名 (signature),即親筆簽上寫信人自己的姓名,如:sincerely,; sincerely yours,; yours sincerely,; friendly yours,; truly yours,; yours truly,; cordially yours,; yours cordially,。如果是用打字機(jī)或電腦寫的信,在寫信人簽名的上方,同樣應(yīng)該打上寫信人的姓名。
(1)附件 (enclosure),以enc. 表示,如“附有……證明”應(yīng)寫為enc…certificate;
(2)再啟(附言) (postscript),一封信寫完了,突然又想起遺漏的事情,這時(shí)用.表示,再寫上遺漏的話即可,要長(zhǎng)話短說(shuō)。通常在信末簽名下面幾行的左方, 應(yīng)于正文齊頭。注意:在正式的信函中,應(yīng)避免使用附言表示;
(3)抄送件(carbon copy to…),以. 表示,說(shuō)明一式多份抄送其他有關(guān)人員。這些都是次要的補(bǔ)充部分。. 主要在私人信件中使用,事務(wù)信件中應(yīng)避免使用,以免造成寫信人粗心大意的印象。enc.和.大都用在商貿(mào)信函中。
書信英文格式篇四
dear ann,
thank you for your letter. i’m glad you like your school.
i go to school from monday to friday. we have four classes in the morning and two classes in the afternoon. we have many things to do after class. on monday and thursday afternoon we have sports. on tuesday afternoon some of us have a singing class and on wednesday afternoon we practise speaking english. my classmates are very friendly. we learn each other and help each other.
on saturdays and sundays i don’t go to school. very often i go to the parks and have a good time with my family there.
yours,
qiaofeng
書信英文格式篇五
i have a lot of hobbies as same as others, for example: i like making friends and doing exercises as well as learning english, and so on. i think my hobbies are important not only for my study but also my life.
by making friends, we can know more people and groups outside world, just like a song says that “ you will walk more smoothly if you have more friends”.
everyone knows that doing exercises is good for our health, and keep ourselves young and healthy, it will make us successful in our study.
learning english is a good hobby as well, we could make more foreign friends and learn western cultures, it will open our minds in the coming future.
i am glad that i have such good hobbies, i will keep this forever.
maybe you would like to ask me “who is your best friend?” i can tell you the answer is jack.
jack used to be hard_working and interested in every subject we learn at school. he is good at chinese and english. he is friendly and he makes many foreign friends. meanwhile he gets on well with this classmates and friends. jack likes dancing , and drawing as well. his work has won prizes for several times. we help each other not only in the study but also in our life.
it is possible that we are going to different schools in a few months , wherever we go, i believe/am sure jack will be my best friend forever.
it is very important for us to know about the traffic rules. everyone knows that red light means ‘stop’ and you are not allowed to go. you can walk across the road safely when green light is on. one more thing is yellow light. some people always forget it. usually when the green light off, yellow light will be on, please be careful because red light will be on in a few seconds. so you must wait for a while patiently.
here are some useful suggestions for following traffic rules. firstly, we should follow the traffic lights and cannot break the traffic rules. secondly, we had better remember the principle “slowly, look left and right side, go across finally”. last but not least, (最后一條也是最重要的一條)do not forget that it is rather dangerous to play on the street. if everybody follows the traffic rules we will have a happy life in the future.
hi! alice ,
im glad to hear from you. yes, just like you, sometimes i have the same problem. i think if she really needs the money. you had better lend it to her. you dont need to worry too much about it. maybe she will pay you back when she has money. you just think, if you dont lend her the money ,im afraid(that)you may lose this friend.
i believe everyone may have trouble in life and we should help each other. so when my friends need money, we should try to help them. maybe we will get it back, or maybe we wont. sometimes making friends means you may get more on one hand and less on the other hand.
i hope it can help you.
yours,
liu ming
dear tony,
i am glad to know your grandpa is coming to beijing.
yes, your grandpa is right. the bus service in beijing is really good now. there are more than 900 bus lines all over beijing and bus can even take you to some small villages. besides, special(yellow) seats are provided on buses. people do not have to spend a long time waiting for a bus and the tickets are very cheap.
i like taking a bus because i think it is comfortable and also good for our environment. so it is a good choice for your grandpa to travel by bus inbeijing.
if you have more questions, please ask me.
yours,
liu jing
in recent years our life is becoming better and better.
but our environment is becoming worse and worse. its very bad for our life. now many people have air_conditioners and cars, they produce (give off ) waste gas. more and more trees are being cut down. there are so much sand on the earth (leaving only sand ) . we often see factories pour waste into rivers or lakes. water in the river is quite dirty. we havent enough clean water to drink in cities. now we are in danger. its very necessary and important to protect the environment well.
i think if everyone tries his best to protect the environment, the world will become much more beautiful , and our life will be better and better .
假定你是李華,最近你們班就“低碳”生活方式進(jìn)行了討論,你的美國(guó)朋友 jack來(lái)信向你詢問討論情況,請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫封回信,簡(jiǎn)單參照作文地帶介紹的以下討論結(jié)果:
1.節(jié)水節(jié)電;
2.垃圾分類;
3.少用紙巾,重拾手帕;
4.步行,騎自行車或乘坐公交車。
參考詞匯:低碳low carbon , 紙巾tissue ,垃圾分類sort out rubbishes ,手帕 handkerchief , 電electricity
注意:詞數(shù)60字左右(不含開頭和結(jié)尾所給出的字?jǐn)?shù));可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)了,以使行文連貫;開頭已為你寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
dear jack,
thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on low carbon lifestyle. here is something about it.
everyone knows that we can do a lot of things in order to live a low-carbon life.
firstly, we should save water and electricity. secondly, we had better sortout rubbishes, which include recyclable and non_recyclable rubbishes. thirdly, we could re_pick up our handkerchiefs, and use tissues as little as possible so we can stop more tress from cutting down. last but not least, please try to walk if you have more free time, and ride bikes or take buses as often as possible.
best wishes,
li bing
recently,we talk about advantages and disadvantages of shopping on the internet. some people think that it is very easy for us to go shopping online. the shops on internet ,for example , are open for almost 24 hours a day, so we can buy something we want at any time if we like. whats more, we neednt to wait for a long time.
however, others believe that we can only see the pictures on the internetand can not touch or see them, it is difficult to say whether it is good or bad. we will have more problems when the things are not good. besides, it is not a good news for some girls because they enjoy going shopping in the market with their friends.
書信英文格式篇六
dear mr. wang,
thank you for taking the time to write your wonderful letter in support of mcea (maywood chinese education association). your letter clearly articulates all the major reasons children in maywood will benefit from studying the chinese language as part of their elementary school education. it provides invaluable support that will help making bilingual chinese education a reality in maywood public schools.
although mcea would like to see palo alto public schools implement the first bilingual chinese kindergarten class in september of 20__, we have learned that the school district must take the time to understand how a new program will affect existing educational offerings, and to validate community interest. nevertheless, mcea, with more than 70 members, will continue to actively promote bilingual chinese education in the palo alto public schools and will keep you apprised of the progress we make.
thanks again for sending a letter in support of mcea. we will continue to do all we can to realize this program both for families of chinese descent and those with a general interest in participating in the growing economic power of china.
yours sincerely,
george chen
書信英文格式篇七
dear mr. wang,
thank you for taking the time to write your wonderful letter in support of mcea (maywood chinese education association). your letter clearly articulates all the major reasons children in maywood will benefit from studying the chinese language as part of their elementary school education. it provides invaluable support that will help making bilingual chinese education a reality in maywood public schools.
although mcea would like to see palo alto public schools implement the first bilingual chinese kindergarten class in september of 2006, we have learned that the school district must take the time to understand how a new program will affect existing educational offerings, and to validate community interest. nevertheless, mcea, with more than 70 members, will continue to actively promote bilingual chinese education in the palo alto public schools and will keep you apprised of the progress we make.
thanks again for sending a letter in support of mcea. we will continue to do all we can to realize this program both for families of chinese descent and those with a general interest in participating in the growing economic power of china.
yours sincerely,
george chen
書信英文格式篇八
1、id like to suggest that...
我想要建議......
2、 in my opinion,...
在我看來(lái),......
3、 if i were you, i would...
如果我是你,我會(huì)......
4、it is wise of you to……
……才是明智之舉
5、first and foremost, i suggest that you should............(建議一),which can make you........(說(shuō)建議一的好處)
6、in addition,youd better ............(建議二),through which you can..........(說(shuō)建議二的好處)
書信英文格式篇九
12 may 20xx
dear sir,
i am writing to apply for a british council scholarship to study in britain. i did my five years basic training in medicine at shanghai university. after this i successfully completed a one-year postgraduate course in ophthalmology at the peoples general hospital, where i am at present serving a two-year probation in the eye clinic.
as a result of the publication in 2003 of my article in new scientist entitled "soft and rigid contact lenses ", which was based on a survey of 37 patients over 6 months, i made contact with dr. li ming of the capital hospital and dr. ma li of the university college hospital. i have received their help and advice with my current research project, which is a two-year survey of the acceptance of various types of contact lenses in 200 patients.
despite their help, i feel that i cannot make real progress in this field unless i can actually have day-to-day contact with these specialists. i would therefore like to continue my research at either the capital hospital or the uch as soon as my probationary period here is completed, and i would like to study in britain for two years.
i enclose a detailed curriculum vitae and an offprint of my article, together with two letters of recommendation from dr. li ming and dr. ma li.
yours faithfully,
lily chen
書信英文格式篇十
dear sir or madam,
i am a product manager in want to aid a poor child to continue his/her am writing to seek your assistance to find a needy child who comes from an elementary school in the less developed areas of western am going to offer the candidate all necessary fees until he/she completes his/her university education.
here are some reasons why i want to help a needy one thing,i think it’s everyone’s duty to do something to change the educational situation in the remote another,i was also helped by others when i was in college and now it’s my turn to give something write this letter here to ask for your help.
i shall be grateful if you will be so kind to help for your ’m looking forward to your reply.
your sincerely,
li ming
書信英文格式篇十一
英語(yǔ)寫信的格式
1. 信頭(heading)
信頭包括寫信人地址和寫信日期,通常寫在信箋的右上角。在比較熟識(shí)的朋友之間的通信,寫信人的地址??陕匀?。日期通常有下列兩種定法:
月、日、年:如august 15, 200__
. 日、月、年:如15th august, 200__
地址的寫法通常是由小到大,如:門牌號(hào)、街道名、市(縣)名、省名、國(guó)名(郵政編碼通常寫在城市名之后)。這同中文書信的地址寫法完全相反。地址可以寫1~3行,日期寫在地址的下方。
2. 稱呼(salutation)
稱呼指寫信人對(duì)收信人的稱呼,如dear xiaojun,寫在信頭的下方和信箋的左邊。稱呼一般用dear?或my dear?開頭,稱呼后一般用逗號(hào)。
3. 正文(body)
這是書信的主體部分,即寫信人要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。正文要求文字通順,層次分明,表意清楚。可以手書,也可以打?qū)憽?/p>
4. 結(jié)束語(yǔ)(complimentary close)
它是書信結(jié)尾的恭維話,相當(dāng)于文中書信最后的“祝好”、“致禮”之類的話語(yǔ)。
5. 簽名(signature)
簽名通常簽在結(jié)束語(yǔ)下方的中間偏右的位置,即使是打?qū)憴C(jī)打出的信件,最后仍需親筆簽名。在簽名的上方可根據(jù)寫信人和收信人的關(guān)系寫上
sincerely yours/yours sincerely(用于長(zhǎng)輩或朋友之間),或
respectfully yours/yours respectfully(用于對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩或上級(jí))。
商務(wù)信函的要求有所不同。
商業(yè)英文書信,一般都要求用打字機(jī)或電腦整齊地打印,左邊各行開頭垂直的,稱為垂直式或齊頭式(block style),美國(guó)常用這種格式;每段的第一個(gè)詞縮進(jìn)去,稱為縮進(jìn)式或鋸齒式(indented style),英國(guó)常用此格式。垂直式的職務(wù)及簽名都在左邊的邊欄界線,這種格式,在極度尊重工作效率的美國(guó)公司,已普遍采用。正式的商業(yè)英語(yǔ)書信要在稱呼的上方寫上收信公司名稱和地址或收信人的名字全稱、職務(wù)及地址,稱為信內(nèi)地址(inside
address)。信內(nèi)地址的寫法也有垂直式和縮進(jìn)式之分,垂直式和稱美國(guó)式將各行并列,縮進(jìn)式或稱英國(guó)式將各行依次退縮。
不過(guò),近來(lái)英國(guó)商業(yè)書信信內(nèi)地址并未依次縮進(jìn),似乎與美國(guó)式相同。此外,在美國(guó)還流行一種普通收信人地址的寫法,就是在書信的inside address中,把門牌號(hào)和街名都省略掉。在英文書信中要使用敬語(yǔ),最普遍的敬語(yǔ)是mr, mrs和miss(用于未婚女性)。英國(guó)人常在男性的姓名之后用esq. (esquire的縮寫),不過(guò)在商業(yè)上也在慢慢地改用mr. mmes. (madam的復(fù)數(shù)形式),用于二個(gè)女士以上。messrs(mr的復(fù)數(shù)形式)用于二個(gè)以上的男人,或用于二個(gè)以上的男人組成的公司或團(tuán)體。在英國(guó)式英文信里,mr, mrs, messrs,均不加縮寫句點(diǎn),相反地趨向于進(jìn)步自由的美語(yǔ)反而加縮寫句點(diǎn)如mr., mrs., messrs??在稱呼方面,商業(yè)上最普遍的有g(shù)entlemen(美國(guó)式)與dear sirs(英國(guó)式)二種,相當(dāng)于我國(guó)的
best wishes, kind regards 和yours faithfully(不知姓名)。此外,英國(guó)式的客套語(yǔ)還有特別禮貌的格式,但除了特殊情況外,現(xiàn)在不再使用
與中文信封相反,英文信封上收信人的地址和姓名寫在信封的中間,發(fā)信人的地址和姓名寫在信封的左上角,或信封背面。
英文書信的地址應(yīng)從小寫到大,先寫門牌號(hào)碼,再寫街道、城鎮(zhèn)、省或州及郵政編碼,最后是國(guó)家名稱。國(guó)家名稱的每一個(gè)字母都要大寫。
2. 信頭/個(gè)人信頭(letterhead/personal letterhead)
3. 封內(nèi)日期(date line)
4. 封內(nèi)地址(inside address)
封內(nèi)地址是收信人的地址,包括姓名,職務(wù)(如適用),公司名稱(如適用),街道名稱或信箱號(hào),城市,州或省,郵政編碼和國(guó)家。封內(nèi)地址通常寫在左手邊,在日期線和稱呼之間。
5. 稱呼(salutation)
稱呼是一封信開頭對(duì)收信人的稱呼,寫在封內(nèi)地址或提示句下兩三行。稱呼后可以寫冒號(hào)或逗號(hào)。在商業(yè)信函或其他正式書信中,用冒號(hào)。
在非正式書信中,稱呼后用逗號(hào)。(注意:盡量避免使用“to whom it may concern” 或“dear sir or madam”,因?yàn)檫@種稱呼已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí),并且不很友好。改進(jìn)方法是爭(zhēng)取確定收信人的姓名,或使用“dear human resources
manager”,“dear friends”這樣的稱呼。在給律師或外交領(lǐng)事寫信時(shí),可以使用“esquire”或“esq.”這樣的頭銜,但它們不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在稱呼中。同樣,如果收信人的姓名后面有“jr.”或“sr.”,如“george bush,jr.”也不能把它們包含在稱呼中。)
6. 頭銜(titles)
除非寫信人與收信人熟到可以直呼其名,通常要在收信人名字前加上“mr.”,“professor”等表示禮貌的頭銜。
7. 提示句(選擇性)attention line(optional)
提示句的用途是指明把信送給某個(gè)具體的人或部門處理,盡管信是寫給這個(gè)組織的。另外,在指明的收信人不在時(shí),它也允許組織中其他人查看信的內(nèi)容。提示句通常寫在封內(nèi)地址的下兩行或封內(nèi)地址的上面。
8. 主題句(選擇性)subject line(optional)
主題句簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明信的內(nèi)容。通常寫在封內(nèi)地址和稱呼之間。如果寫信人不知道收信人的姓名,也可以用主題句代替稱呼。為了收到最佳效果,可以給主題句加下劃線,或大寫主題句。
9. 正文(body of the letter)
正文的格式多種多樣。商業(yè)信函最好使用齊頭式。而私人信件通常不用齊頭式。在齊頭式書信中,全部?jī)?nèi)容包括日期和信尾問候語(yǔ),都從左側(cè)頂格開始。段落開頭不空格,各段之間空兩行。
修正齊頭式,是使用最為廣泛的一種格式,商業(yè)和私人信件都可以使用,盡管在私人信件中不一定要寫回郵地址和封內(nèi)地址。使用沒有印刷信頭的普通信紙時(shí),這種格式最合適。與齊頭式不同,發(fā)信人地址、日期,信尾問候語(yǔ)和簽名都從中間開始寫。其余部分從左邊開始。
10. 寫信人簽名(writers identification/ signature)
寫信人的簽名、名字和頭銜(如果適用),寫在信尾問候語(yǔ)同側(cè)三四行以下的位置。應(yīng)親筆簽上寫信人自己的姓名。如果是用打字機(jī)或電腦寫的信,在寫信人簽名的上方,同樣應(yīng)該打上寫信人的姓名。
11. 附注(notions)
附注寫在寫信人簽名下兩行的位置,附注包括參考縮寫,附件的數(shù)目和內(nèi)容以及將收到這封信副本的人員名單。附注寫在左側(cè)。
12. 信尾問候語(yǔ)(complimentary closing)
信尾問候語(yǔ)是寫在信尾的告別話語(yǔ),例如sincerely,; sincerely yours,; yours
書信英文格式篇十二
①采用分詞短語(yǔ):句末用逗號(hào),不用句號(hào)。例如:
for your good news,
forward to your early reply,
to hear from you soon,
you are enjoying good health,
that i cant give you a more favorite reply,
the trouble im causing you,
you every success,
you a pleasant journey,
you a happy new year,
②采用介詞短語(yǔ),例如:
best regards,
kind regards to your family,
best wishes to you and yours,
best wishes for your success and happiness,
best wishes for your success in your new field of work, best regards and wishing you all success,
warmest regards,
best regards to you and your family,
the seasons greetings,
③采用完整句子:
are waiting for your good news.
hope to receive your early reply.
look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
thank you very much for your services, and wish your continued success.
書信英文格式篇十三
dear ms. tancredi:
last week, my family and i dined at your restaurant while travlling in singapore. we are always looking to try another new restaurant. we liked the way your place looked, so we went inside to have dinner.
the place was crowded and the waiters seemed very busy. after a long wait, we were finally seated. soon, we ordered the food. we waited an even longer time for the food to arrive. frustrated, i got the attention of a waiter passing by. i asked what was going on with our meals. he went and checked with the chef. it turned out our waiter had forgotten to place your order. rightfully angry, we left the restaurant.
forgetting a customers order is a big problem. if that type of thing continues, you are going to lose your customers. heres a suggestion. require the waiters to actually write down the orders. in such a busy place, it would be impossible to remember them all.
sincerely,
shiwen cai
書信英文格式篇十四
dear mr. seaton,
thank you very much for taking me with you on that splendid outing to london. it was the first time that i had seen the tower or any of the other famous sights. if id gone alone, i couldnt have seen nearly as much, because i wouldnt have known my way about.
the weather was splendid on that day, which i thought was rare. i still remember some people told me that in britain there was weather and no climate. during the same day, it might snow in the morning, rain at noon, shine in the afternoon and be windy before the night falls. so i think i was lucky.
i think the river trip was the best thing of all. london really came alive for me as we saw it from the thames during that wonderful journey down to greenwich. it was all tremendously exciting - a day that i shall never forget.
thank you for giving me such a great birthday treat.
yours sincerely,
linda chen